diff --git a/include/desktop/view.h b/include/desktop/view.h
index f727935..6c73afb 100644
--- a/include/desktop/view.h
+++ b/include/desktop/view.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ enum kiwmi_view_type {
 
 struct kiwmi_view {
     struct wl_list link;
+    struct wl_list children; // struct kiwmi_view_child::link
 
     struct kiwmi_desktop *desktop;
 
@@ -46,6 +47,8 @@ struct kiwmi_view {
     struct wl_listener unmap;
     struct wl_listener commit;
     struct wl_listener destroy;
+    struct wl_listener new_popup;
+    struct wl_listener new_subsurface;
     struct wl_listener request_move;
     struct wl_listener request_resize;
 
@@ -88,6 +91,42 @@ struct kiwmi_view_impl {
         double *sub_y);
 };
 
+enum kiwmi_view_child_type {
+    KIWMI_VIEW_CHILD_SUBSURFACE,
+    KIWMI_VIEW_CHILD_XDG_POPUP,
+};
+
+struct kiwmi_view_child {
+    struct wl_list link;
+    struct wl_list children; // struct kiwmi_view_child::link
+
+    struct kiwmi_view *view;
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent;
+
+    enum kiwmi_view_child_type type;
+    const struct kiwmi_view_child_impl *impl;
+
+    struct wlr_surface *wlr_surface;
+    union {
+        struct wlr_subsurface *wlr_subsurface;
+        struct wlr_xdg_popup *wlr_xdg_popup;
+    };
+
+    bool mapped;
+
+    struct wl_listener commit;
+    struct wl_listener map;
+    struct wl_listener unmap;
+    struct wl_listener new_popup;
+    struct wl_listener new_subsurface;
+    struct wl_listener extension_destroy; // the union'ed object destroy
+    struct wl_listener surface_destroy;   // wlr_surface::events.destroy
+};
+
+struct kiwmi_view_child_impl {
+    void (*reconfigure)(struct kiwmi_view_child *child);
+};
+
 struct kiwmi_request_resize_event {
     struct kiwmi_view *view;
     uint32_t edges;
@@ -128,4 +167,20 @@ struct kiwmi_view *view_create(
     enum kiwmi_view_type type,
     const struct kiwmi_view_impl *impl);
 
+void
+view_init_subsurfaces(struct kiwmi_view_child *child, struct kiwmi_view *view);
+bool view_child_is_mapped(struct kiwmi_view_child *child);
+void view_child_damage(struct kiwmi_view_child *child);
+void view_child_destroy(struct kiwmi_view_child *child);
+struct kiwmi_view_child *view_child_create(
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent,
+    struct kiwmi_view *view,
+    struct wlr_surface *wlr_surface,
+    enum kiwmi_view_child_type type,
+    const struct kiwmi_view_child_impl *impl);
+struct kiwmi_view_child *view_child_subsurface_create(
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent,
+    struct kiwmi_view *view,
+    struct wlr_subsurface *subsurface);
+
 #endif /* KIWMI_DESKTOP_VIEW_H */
diff --git a/kiwmi/desktop/view.c b/kiwmi/desktop/view.c
index 5e7f0b9..0dfdd6b 100644
--- a/kiwmi/desktop/view.c
+++ b/kiwmi/desktop/view.c
@@ -86,6 +86,13 @@ view_set_size(struct kiwmi_view *view, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
     if (view->impl->set_size) {
         view->impl->set_size(view, width, height);
 
+        struct kiwmi_view_child *child;
+        wl_list_for_each (child, &view->children, link) {
+            if (child->impl && child->impl->reconfigure) {
+                child->impl->reconfigure(child);
+            }
+        }
+
         struct kiwmi_output *output;
         wl_list_for_each (output, &view->desktop->outputs, link) {
             output_damage(output);
@@ -99,6 +106,13 @@ view_set_pos(struct kiwmi_view *view, uint32_t x, uint32_t y)
     view->x = x;
     view->y = y;
 
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child;
+    wl_list_for_each (child, &view->children, link) {
+        if (child->impl && child->impl->reconfigure) {
+            child->impl->reconfigure(child);
+        }
+    }
+
     struct kiwmi_output *output;
     wl_list_for_each (output, &view->desktop->outputs, link) {
         output_damage(output);
@@ -229,6 +243,29 @@ view_resize(struct kiwmi_view *view, uint32_t edges)
     view_begin_interactive(view, KIWMI_CURSOR_RESIZE, edges);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Creates a kiwmi_view_child for each subsurface of either the 'child' or the
+ * 'view'. 'child' can be NULL, 'view' should never be.
+ */
+void
+view_init_subsurfaces(struct kiwmi_view_child *child, struct kiwmi_view *view)
+{
+    struct wlr_surface *surface =
+        child ? child->wlr_surface : view->wlr_surface;
+    if (!surface) {
+        wlr_log(WLR_ERROR, "Attempting to init_subsurfaces without a surface");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    struct wlr_subsurface *subsurface;
+    wl_list_for_each (subsurface, &surface->subsurfaces_below, parent_link) {
+        view_child_subsurface_create(child, view, subsurface);
+    }
+    wl_list_for_each (subsurface, &surface->subsurfaces_above, parent_link) {
+        view_child_subsurface_create(child, view, subsurface);
+    }
+}
+
 struct kiwmi_view *
 view_create(
     struct kiwmi_desktop *desktop,
@@ -251,6 +288,8 @@ view_create(
     view->x = 0;
     view->y = 0;
 
+    wl_list_init(&view->children);
+
     wl_signal_init(&view->events.unmap);
     wl_signal_init(&view->events.request_move);
     wl_signal_init(&view->events.request_resize);
@@ -259,3 +298,200 @@ view_create(
 
     return view;
 }
+
+bool
+view_child_is_mapped(struct kiwmi_view_child *child)
+{
+    if (!child->mapped) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent = child->parent;
+    while (parent) {
+        if (!parent->mapped) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        parent = parent->parent;
+    }
+
+    return child->view->mapped;
+}
+
+void
+view_child_damage(struct kiwmi_view_child *child)
+{
+    // Note for later: this is supposed to damage the child and all subchildren
+    struct kiwmi_output *output;
+    wl_list_for_each (output, &child->view->desktop->outputs, link) {
+        output_damage(output);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+view_child_destroy(struct kiwmi_view_child *child)
+{
+    bool visible = view_child_is_mapped(child) && !child->view->hidden;
+    if (visible) {
+        view_child_damage(child);
+    }
+
+    wl_list_remove(&child->link);
+    child->parent = NULL;
+
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *subchild, *tmpchild;
+    wl_list_for_each_safe (subchild, tmpchild, &child->children, link) {
+        subchild->mapped = false;
+        view_child_destroy(subchild);
+    }
+
+    wl_list_remove(&child->commit.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&child->map.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&child->unmap.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&child->new_popup.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&child->new_subsurface.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&child->surface_destroy.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&child->extension_destroy.link);
+
+    free(child);
+}
+
+static void
+view_child_subsurface_extension_destroy_notify(
+    struct wl_listener *listener,
+    void *UNUSED(data))
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child =
+        wl_container_of(listener, child, extension_destroy);
+    view_child_destroy(child);
+}
+
+static void
+view_child_surface_destroy_notify(
+    struct wl_listener *listener,
+    void *UNUSED(data))
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child =
+        wl_container_of(listener, child, surface_destroy);
+    view_child_destroy(child);
+}
+
+static void
+view_child_commit_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *UNUSED(data))
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child = wl_container_of(listener, child, commit);
+    if (view_child_is_mapped(child)) {
+        view_child_damage(child);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+view_child_new_subsurface_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child =
+        wl_container_of(listener, child, new_subsurface);
+    struct wlr_subsurface *subsurface = data;
+    view_child_subsurface_create(child, child->view, subsurface);
+}
+
+static void
+view_child_map_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *UNUSED(data))
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child = wl_container_of(listener, child, map);
+    child->mapped                  = true;
+    if (view_child_is_mapped(child)) {
+        view_child_damage(child);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+view_child_unmap_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *UNUSED(data))
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child = wl_container_of(listener, child, unmap);
+    if (view_child_is_mapped(child)) {
+        view_child_damage(child);
+    }
+    child->mapped = false;
+}
+
+struct kiwmi_view_child *
+view_child_create(
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent,
+    struct kiwmi_view *view,
+    struct wlr_surface *wlr_surface,
+    enum kiwmi_view_child_type type,
+    const struct kiwmi_view_child_impl *impl)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child = calloc(1, sizeof(*child));
+    if (!child) {
+        wlr_log(WLR_ERROR, "Failed to allocate view_child");
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    child->type        = type;
+    child->impl        = impl;
+    child->view        = view;
+    child->wlr_surface = wlr_surface;
+    child->mapped      = false;
+
+    if (parent) {
+        child->parent = parent;
+        wl_list_insert(&parent->children, &child->link);
+    } else {
+        wl_list_insert(&view->children, &child->link);
+    }
+
+    wl_list_init(&child->children);
+
+    child->commit.notify = view_child_commit_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_surface->events.commit, &child->commit);
+
+    child->map.notify   = view_child_map_notify;
+    child->unmap.notify = view_child_unmap_notify;
+
+    // wlr_surface doesn't have these events, but its extensions usually do
+    wl_list_init(&child->map.link);
+    wl_list_init(&child->unmap.link);
+
+    child->new_subsurface.notify = view_child_new_subsurface_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_surface->events.new_subsurface, &child->new_subsurface);
+
+    child->surface_destroy.notify = view_child_surface_destroy_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_surface->events.destroy, &child->surface_destroy);
+
+    // Possibly unused
+    wl_list_init(&child->new_popup.link);
+    wl_list_init(&child->extension_destroy.link);
+
+    view_init_subsurfaces(child, child->view);
+
+    return child;
+}
+
+struct kiwmi_view_child *
+view_child_subsurface_create(
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent,
+    struct kiwmi_view *view,
+    struct wlr_subsurface *subsurface)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child = view_child_create(
+        parent, view, subsurface->surface, KIWMI_VIEW_CHILD_SUBSURFACE, NULL);
+    if (!child) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    child->wlr_subsurface = subsurface;
+    child->mapped         = subsurface->mapped;
+
+    if (view_child_is_mapped(child)) {
+        view_child_damage(child);
+    }
+
+    wl_signal_add(&subsurface->events.map, &child->map);
+    wl_signal_add(&subsurface->events.unmap, &child->unmap);
+
+    child->extension_destroy.notify =
+        view_child_subsurface_extension_destroy_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&subsurface->events.destroy, &child->extension_destroy);
+
+    return child;
+}
diff --git a/kiwmi/desktop/xdg_shell.c b/kiwmi/desktop/xdg_shell.c
index 8286b4d..b823b89 100644
--- a/kiwmi/desktop/xdg_shell.c
+++ b/kiwmi/desktop/xdg_shell.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <pixman.h>
+#include <wlr/types/wlr_output_layout.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_xdg_decoration_v1.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_xdg_shell.h>
 #include <wlr/util/edges.h>
@@ -22,6 +23,151 @@
 #include "input/seat.h"
 #include "server.h"
 
+static struct kiwmi_view_child *view_child_popup_create(
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent,
+    struct kiwmi_view *view,
+    struct wlr_xdg_popup *wlr_popup);
+
+static void
+popup_new_popup_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *popup =
+        wl_container_of(listener, popup, new_popup);
+    struct wlr_xdg_popup *wlr_popup = data;
+    view_child_popup_create(popup, popup->view, wlr_popup);
+}
+
+static void
+popup_extension_destroy_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *UNUSED(data))
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *popup =
+        wl_container_of(listener, popup, extension_destroy);
+    view_child_destroy(popup);
+}
+
+static void
+popup_unconstrain(struct kiwmi_view_child *popup)
+{
+    if (popup->type != KIWMI_VIEW_CHILD_XDG_POPUP) {
+        wlr_log(WLR_ERROR, "Expected an xdg_popup kiwmi_view_child");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    struct kiwmi_view *view = popup->view;
+
+    // Prefer output at view center
+    struct wlr_output *output = wlr_output_layout_output_at(
+        view->desktop->output_layout,
+        view->x + view->geom.width / 2,
+        view->y + view->geom.height / 2);
+
+    if (!output) {
+        // Retry with view top-left corner (if its center is off-screen)
+        output = wlr_output_layout_output_at(
+            view->desktop->output_layout, view->x, view->y);
+    }
+
+    if (!output) {
+        wlr_log(
+            WLR_ERROR, "View's output not found, popups may end up invisible");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    double view_ox = view->x;
+    double view_oy = view->y;
+    wlr_output_layout_output_coords(
+        view->desktop->output_layout, output, &view_ox, &view_oy);
+
+    int output_width;
+    int output_height;
+    wlr_output_effective_resolution(output, &output_width, &output_height);
+
+    // relative to the view
+    struct wlr_box output_box = {
+        .x      = -view_ox,
+        .y      = -view_oy,
+        .width  = output_width,
+        .height = output_height,
+    };
+
+    wlr_xdg_popup_unconstrain_from_box(popup->wlr_xdg_popup, &output_box);
+}
+
+static void
+popup_reconfigure(struct kiwmi_view_child *popup)
+{
+    if (popup->type != KIWMI_VIEW_CHILD_XDG_POPUP) {
+        wlr_log(WLR_ERROR, "Expected an xdg_popup view_child");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    popup_unconstrain(popup);
+
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *subchild;
+    wl_list_for_each (subchild, &popup->children, link) {
+        if (subchild->impl && subchild->impl->reconfigure) {
+            subchild->impl->reconfigure(subchild);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static const struct kiwmi_view_child_impl xdg_popup_view_child_impl = {
+    .reconfigure = popup_reconfigure,
+};
+
+static struct kiwmi_view_child *
+view_child_popup_create(
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *parent,
+    struct kiwmi_view *view,
+    struct wlr_xdg_popup *wlr_popup)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child = view_child_create(
+        parent,
+        view,
+        wlr_popup->base->surface,
+        KIWMI_VIEW_CHILD_XDG_POPUP,
+        &xdg_popup_view_child_impl);
+    if (!child) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    child->wlr_xdg_popup = wlr_popup;
+    child->mapped        = wlr_popup->base->mapped;
+
+    if (view_child_is_mapped(child)) {
+        view_child_damage(child);
+    }
+
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_popup->base->events.map, &child->map);
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_popup->base->events.unmap, &child->unmap);
+
+    child->new_popup.notify = popup_new_popup_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_popup->base->events.new_popup, &child->new_popup);
+
+    child->extension_destroy.notify = popup_extension_destroy_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&wlr_popup->base->events.destroy, &child->extension_destroy);
+
+    popup_unconstrain(child);
+
+    return child;
+}
+
+static void
+xdg_surface_new_popup_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view *view = wl_container_of(listener, view, new_popup);
+    struct wlr_xdg_popup *wlr_popup = data;
+    view_child_popup_create(NULL, view, wlr_popup);
+}
+
+static void
+xdg_surface_new_subsurface_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
+{
+    struct kiwmi_view *view = wl_container_of(listener, view, new_subsurface);
+    struct wlr_subsurface *subsurface = data;
+    view_child_subsurface_create(NULL, view, subsurface);
+}
+
 static void
 xdg_surface_map_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *UNUSED(data))
 {
@@ -80,11 +226,20 @@ xdg_surface_destroy_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *UNUSED(data))
         seat->focused_view = NULL;
     }
 
+    struct kiwmi_view_child *child, *tmpchild;
+    wl_list_for_each_safe (child, tmpchild, &view->children, link) {
+        child->mapped = false;
+        view_child_destroy(child);
+    }
+
     wl_list_remove(&view->link);
+    wl_list_remove(&view->children);
     wl_list_remove(&view->map.link);
     wl_list_remove(&view->unmap.link);
     wl_list_remove(&view->commit.link);
     wl_list_remove(&view->destroy.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&view->new_popup.link);
+    wl_list_remove(&view->new_subsurface.link);
     wl_list_remove(&view->request_move.link);
     wl_list_remove(&view->request_resize.link);
 
@@ -259,6 +414,13 @@ xdg_shell_new_surface_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
     view->destroy.notify = xdg_surface_destroy_notify;
     wl_signal_add(&xdg_surface->events.destroy, &view->destroy);
 
+    view->new_popup.notify = xdg_surface_new_popup_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(&xdg_surface->events.new_popup, &view->new_popup);
+
+    view->new_subsurface.notify = xdg_surface_new_subsurface_notify;
+    wl_signal_add(
+        &xdg_surface->surface->events.new_subsurface, &view->new_subsurface);
+
     view->request_move.notify = xdg_toplevel_request_move_notify;
     wl_signal_add(
         &xdg_surface->toplevel->events.request_move, &view->request_move);
@@ -267,6 +429,8 @@ xdg_shell_new_surface_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
     wl_signal_add(
         &xdg_surface->toplevel->events.request_resize, &view->request_resize);
 
+    view_init_subsurfaces(NULL, view);
+
     wl_list_insert(&desktop->views, &view->link);
 }